Zookeeper学习
安装教程
数据模型
常用命令
创建节点的几个有效性：
持久化目录节点为默认创建 创建方式为 create /节点path
临时节点 创建方式为 create -e /节点path
顺序节点 创建方式为 create -s /节点path
顺序临时节点 创建方式为 create -es /节点path
javaAPI操作zookeeper实现节点增删改查
首先导入pom.xml坐标
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
<artifactId>zk-client</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.10</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--curator-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.8</source>
<target>1.8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
log4j.properties文件配置
log4j.rootLogger=off,stdout
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH/:mm/:ss}]%-5p %c(line/:%L) %x-%m%n
创建连接实现增删改查
package com.itheima.curator;
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.BackgroundCallback;
import org.apache.curator.framework.api.CuratorEvent;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.apache.zookeeper.CreateMode;
import org.apache.zookeeper.data.Stat;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
public class CuratorTest {
private CuratorFramework client;
/**
* 建立连接
*/
@Before
public void testConnect() {
/*
*
* @param connectString 连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
* @param sessionTimeoutMs 会话超时时间 单位ms
* @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
* @param retryPolicy 重试策略
*/
/* //重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
//1.第一种方式
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.namespace("itheima")
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
}
//==============================create=============================================================================
/**
* 创建节点：create 持久 临时 顺序 数据
* 1. 基本创建 ：create().forPath("")
* 2. 创建节点 带有数据:create().forPath("",data)
* 3. 设置节点的类型：create().withMode().forPath("",data)
* 4. 创建多级节点 /app1/p1 ：create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("",data)
*/
@Test
public void testCreate() throws Exception {
//2. 创建节点 带有数据
//如果创建节点，没有指定数据，则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
String path = client.create().forPath("/app2", "hehe".getBytes());
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate2() throws Exception {
//1. 基本创建
//如果创建节点，没有指定数据，则默认将当前客户端的ip作为数据存储
String path = client.create().forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate3() throws Exception {
//3. 设置节点的类型
//默认类型：持久化
String path = client.create().withMode(CreateMode.EPHEMERAL).forPath("/app3");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testCreate4() throws Exception {
//4. 创建多级节点 /app1/p1
//creatingParentsIfNeeded():如果父节点不存在，则创建父节点
String path = client.create().creatingParentsIfNeeded().forPath("/app4/p1");
System.out.println(path);
}
//===========================get================================================================================
/**
* 查询节点：
* 1. 查询数据：get: getData().forPath()
* 2. 查询子节点： ls: getChildren().forPath()
* 3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s:getData().storingStatIn(状态对象).forPath()
*/
@Test
public void testGet1() throws Exception {
//1. 查询数据：get
byte[] data = client.getData().forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
@Test
public void testGet2() throws Exception {
// 2. 查询子节点： ls
List<String> path = client.getChildren().forPath("/");
System.out.println(path);
}
@Test
public void testGet3() throws Exception {
Stat status = new Stat();
System.out.println(status);
//3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s
client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");
System.out.println(status);
}
//===========================set================================================================================
/**
* 修改数据
* 1. 基本修改数据：setData().forPath()
* 2. 根据版本修改: setData().withVersion().forPath()
* * version 是通过查询出来的。目的就是为了让其他客户端或者线程不干扰我。
*
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testSet() throws Exception {
client.setData().forPath("/app1", "itcast".getBytes());
}
@Test
public void testSetForVersion() throws Exception {
Stat status = new Stat();
//3. 查询节点状态信息：ls -s
client.getData().storingStatIn(status).forPath("/app1");
int version = status.getVersion();//查询出来的 3
System.out.println(version);
client.setData().withVersion(version).forPath("/app1", "hehe".getBytes());
}
//===========================delete================================================================================
/**
* 删除节点： delete deleteall
* 1. 删除单个节点:delete().forPath("/app1");
* 2. 删除带有子节点的节点:delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app1");
* 3. 必须成功的删除:为了防止网络抖动。本质就是重试。 client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
* 4. 回调：inBackground
* @throws Exception
*/
@Test
public void testDelete() throws Exception {
// 1. 删除单个节点
client.delete().forPath("/app1");
}
@Test
public void testDelete2() throws Exception {
//2. 删除带有子节点的节点
client.delete().deletingChildrenIfNeeded().forPath("/app4");
}
@Test
public void testDelete3() throws Exception {
//3. 必须成功的删除
client.delete().guaranteed().forPath("/app2");
}
@Test
public void testDelete4() throws Exception {
//4. 回调
client.delete().guaranteed().inBackground(new BackgroundCallback(){
@Override
public void processResult(CuratorFramework client, CuratorEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("我被删除了~");
System.out.println(event);
}
}).forPath("/app1");
}
@After
public void close() {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
}
}
事件监听器
基本概念:
JavaAPI操作
package com.itheima.curator;
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.cache.*;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.List;
public class CuratorWatcherTest {
private CuratorFramework client;
/**
* 建立连接
*/
@Before
public void testConnect() {
/*
*
* @param connectString 连接字符串。zk server 地址和端口 "192.168.149.135:2181,192.168.149.136:2181"
* @param sessionTimeoutMs 会话超时时间 单位ms
* @param connectionTimeoutMs 连接超时时间 单位ms
* @param retryPolicy 重试策略
*/
/* //重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000,10);
//1.第一种方式
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient("192.168.149.135:2181",
60 * 1000, 15 * 1000, retryPolicy);*/
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.namespace("itheima")
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
}
@After
public void close() {
if (client != null) {
client.close();
}
}
/**
* 演示 NodeCache：给指定一个节点注册监听器
*/
@Test
public void testNodeCache() throws Exception {
//1. 创建NodeCache对象
final NodeCache nodeCache = new NodeCache(client,"/app1");
//2. 注册监听
nodeCache.getListenable().addListener(new NodeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void nodeChanged() throws Exception {
System.out.println("节点变化了~");
//获取修改节点后的数据
byte[] data = nodeCache.getCurrentData().getData();
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
});
//3. 开启监听.如果设置为true，则开启监听是，加载缓冲数据
nodeCache.start(true);
while (true){
}
}
/**
* 演示 PathChildrenCache：监听某个节点的所有子节点们
*/
@Test
public void testPathChildrenCache() throws Exception {
//1.创建监听对象
PathChildrenCache pathChildrenCache = new PathChildrenCache(client,"/app2",true);
//2. 绑定监听器
pathChildrenCache.getListenable().addListener(new PathChildrenCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, PathChildrenCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("子节点变化了~");
System.out.println(event);
//监听子节点的数据变更，并且拿到变更后的数据
//1.获取类型
PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type type = event.getType();
//2.判断类型是否是update
if(type.equals(PathChildrenCacheEvent.Type.CHILD_UPDATED)){
System.out.println("数据变了！！！");
byte[] data = event.getData().getData();
System.out.println(new String(data));
}
}
});
//3. 开启
pathChildrenCache.start();
while (true){
}
}
/**
* 演示 TreeCache：监听某个节点自己和所有子节点们
*/
@Test
public void testTreeCache() throws Exception {
//1. 创建监听器
TreeCache treeCache = new TreeCache(client,"/app2");
//2. 注册监听
treeCache.getListenable().addListener(new TreeCacheListener() {
@Override
public void childEvent(CuratorFramework client, TreeCacheEvent event) throws Exception {
System.out.println("节点变化了");
System.out.println(event);
}
});
//3. 开启
treeCache.start();
while (true){
}
}
}
分布式锁:
基本概念:
解决跨机器的进程之间的数据同步问题
锁的原理
船舰一个临时的有序的节点
JavaApi实现
多线程测试类:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Ticket12306 ticket12306 = new Ticket12306();
//创建客户端
Thread t1 = new Thread(ticket12306,"携程");
Thread t2 = new Thread(ticket12306,"飞猪");
t1.start();
t2.start();
}
锁的实现:
package com.itheima.curator;
import org.apache.curator.RetryPolicy;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFramework;
import org.apache.curator.framework.CuratorFrameworkFactory;
import org.apache.curator.framework.recipes.locks.InterProcessMutex;
import org.apache.curator.retry.ExponentialBackoffRetry;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class Ticket12306 implements Runnable{
private int tickets = 10;//数据库的票数
private InterProcessMutex lock ;
//在构造函数里初始化锁和客户端信息
public Ticket12306(){
//重试策略
RetryPolicy retryPolicy = new ExponentialBackoffRetry(3000, 10);
//2.第二种方式
//CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder();
CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.builder()
.connectString("192.168.149.135:2181")
.sessionTimeoutMs(60 * 1000)
.connectionTimeoutMs(15 * 1000)
.retryPolicy(retryPolicy)
.build();
//开启连接
client.start();
//指定锁在哪里节点下
lock = new InterProcessMutex(client,"/lock");
}
@Override
public void run() {
while(true){
//获取锁
try {
//设置锁的超时时间 这里没获取到锁就不会往下执行
lock.acquire(3, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
if(tickets > 0){
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()+":"+tickets);
Thread.sleep(100);
tickets--;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
//释放锁
try {
lock.release();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
Zookeeper集群搭建
事务请求 增删改
非事务请求 查
搭建教程：
https://wws.lanzoui.com/ik1lfrbw9pe
注意点
在leader停掉后并且还是构成集群模式时会选择一个新的leader
当follower停掉后并且还构成集群环境，对数据没有影响